What is the correct tungsten electrode for TIG welding?

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What metals can I weld with TIG?

"DC" (direct current) TIG welders can be used to weld a variety of "ferrous" metals, including mild and stainless steels, as well as copper and chromium-molybdenum alloys. (but not aluminum).

Many, but not all, inverter rod/MMA welders have DC TIG capability.

An important feature for effective TIG welding is elevated arc ignition.

To weld aluminum, you need a machine with "AC" (alternating current) capability.

These machines typically have both AC and DC capability in one machine ("AC/DC") - which allows them to weld most metals, including: aluminum, steel, stainless steel, copper, chromium-molybdenum, and more.

Typical AC/DC machines that are dedicated TIG welders (sometimes with stick/MMA capability as an add-on). 

 

What gas should I use for TIG welding?

Most common TIG welding applications require pure argon (100% Ar). Some critical applications may require specialty gases.

 

What is the correct polarity for TIG welding?

Polarity refers to the direction of current flow during welding.

All DC TIG welding (steel, stainless steel, etc.) is done on a DC polarity where the TIG torch is connected to the negative (-) terminal and the ground is connected to the positive (+) terminal.


TIG Welding Process - Your Questions Answered

 

For AC TIG welding (aluminum), the polarity is usually* reversed from DC: the TIG torch is connected to the positive (+) terminal and the ground is connected to the negative (-) terminal.


TIG Welding Process - Your Questions Answered

 

*Note: Although "Torch Positive" is the most common polarity for AC/DC TIG welding, some AC/DC TIG machines may require "Torch Negative". Please consult your machine's instruction manual or contact the manufacturer. 

 

TIG Welding Process - Your Questions Answered


What is the correct tungsten electrode for TIG welding?

The most common types of tungsten electrodes are as follows.

Tungsten for DC TIG welding of steel, stainless steel, chromium-molybdenum, copper.

Thorium (red tip)

Lanthanum 1.5% (gold tip)

Tungsten for AC welding of aluminum.

Zirconized (white tip)

 

Tungsten "all-metal" for AC or DC welding.

Rare earth (purple tip) 

Lanthanide 2% (blue tip)

Ceriated (gray tip)

Rare earth tungsten is proven to perform well in AC and DC applications. 

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